Rwanda is eligible for preferential trade benefits under the African Growth and Opportunity Act and the General System of Preferences.  The United States and Rwanda have a trade and investment framework agreement (signed in 2006) and a bilateral investment treaty (signed in 2011).  The United States also has signed trade and investment framework agreements with the East African Community and with the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa.  Rwanda is a member of both regional organizations.

U.S. business interests in Rwanda have been modest, with private U.S. investment in tea, coffee, energy, mining, water treatment, banking, franchising, telecommunications, and small holdings in services and manufacturing.  U.S. exports to Rwanda include aircraft, pharmaceutical products, machinery, optic and medical instruments, and agricultural products.  U.S. imports from Rwanda include coffee, basketwork, tungsten ore, and apparel and accessories.